諾卡菌(Nocardia)

簡介

    豚鼠耳炎諾卡菌(Nocardia otitidiscaviarum)屬于諾卡菌科(Nocardiaceae)，革蘭陽性、分枝、弱抗酸性、需氧菌。

臨床相關性

       多引起免疫功能低下病人皮膚和軟組織感染、肺部感染、腦膿腫、腦膜炎、菌血癥、眼內炎等。

藥敏試驗

       采用肉湯稀釋法檢測MIC, 具體方法請參考CLSI M24，受試抗生素組及其折點&判讀請參考M24SED2 Table7中相應章節的描述；當呼吸道分離菌株至少滿足以下條件之一才需進行藥敏試驗：1 至少兩次陽性痰液標本、支氣管活檢或肺活檢陽性標本、支氣管沖洗或灌洗液陽性標本；2 具有病理學特征的經皮穿刺支氣管痰液標本中的諾卡菌屬或紅球菌屬細菌。

參考文獻

1.Fu K, et al. Manifestations and Management of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole-Resistant Nocardia otitidiscaviarum Infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Jun;29(6):1266-1267.

2.William A, et al. Ulceration by Nocardia Otitidiscaviarum: A case study. Trop Doct. 2025 Apr;53(2):293-298.

3.Huang CH, et al. Empyema thoracis due to Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2015 Oct;48(5):580-1.

4.Tajima K, et al. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum meningitis in a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient with CD4-positive lymphocytopenia and persistent oligoclonal CD8-positive lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Int J Clin Exp Pathol.2018 Jan 1;11(1):455-461.

5.Liu C, et al. Severe pneumonia due to Nocardia

otitidiscaviarum identified by mass spectroscopy in a cotton farmer: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore).2017 Mar;96(13):e6526.